Landscape Architecture Design Research Articles

Retraction: The mechanism of digitized landscape architecture design under edge computing.

Retraction: The mechanism of digitized landscape architecture design under edge computing.

Virtual reality technology for learning detailed design in landscape architecture

There is much interest in employing computer technology in design professions and education. However, few attempts have been made to apply immersive visualization technology to learn design details in landscape architecture. This study aims to illuminate how virtual reality (VR) technology helps students with design details in landscape architecture. Students were given a course project to create 3D models such as boardwalk structures located in residential pond areas. Based on their 3D models, we asked 16 research participants to answer survey questionnaires about the perception of realism, scale, and effectiveness of using computer technology in semi-immersive environments (e.g., monitor display-based) as opposed to fully immersive environments (e.g., VR head-mounted display-based). The results of our study showed that students had a higher realism in fully immersive environments compared to semi-immersive environments. In terms of perception of scale, participants perceived the height of the simulated model to be higher than they had anticipated in fully immersive environments. While there were no statistically significant findings regarding the effectiveness of design evaluation in the two modalities, students mentioned that VR technology can effectively assist in creating design details, as it provides them with a better understanding of the spatial characteristics of models.

Constructing and applying neural network-based architectural landscape evaluation model

With the continuous improvement of living standards, people go outdoors and spend more and more time in scenic spots. The landscape architecture design that serves people in urban scenic spots attracts more and more public attention, which puts forward higher requirements for landscape architecture design that serves people in scenic spots. How to better integrate the design of all kinds of landscape architecture into nature, so as to better serve the public, is an urgent problem to be solved at this stage. This paper selects the evaluation indexes of urban architectural landscape, uses analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of each index, and quantifies 6 evaluation indexes to build the evaluation model of architectural landscape design. In terms of the improvement of You Only Look Once version 4 (YOLOv4) model, MobileNetV3 was selected as the backbone feature extraction network, and the convolution in the feature enhancement extraction network was replaced by the depth separable volume, and an architectural landscape recognition system based on the improved YOLOv4 model was constructed. In terms of algorithm performance verification, the improved algorithm was compared with Single Shot Detector (SSD), MobileNetV3, ShuffleNetV2, YOLOv3, YOLOv4 and YOLOv5s algorithms under multiple evaluation indexes. The experimental results show that the size of the model is 51.4 MB, which does not cause a large burden. The Mean Average Precision (mAP) value of the improved YOLOv4 algorithm is 93.5%, and the Frames Per Second (FPS) is 30 frame/s, which has higher recognition accuracy and detection speed, and has obvious advantages.

Solar Landscapes: A Methodology for the Adaptive Integration of Renewable Energy Production into Cultural Landscapes

The increasing use of solar energy is an integral step toward carbon neutrality. At the same time, outdoor solar farms are significantly altering existing cultural landscapes. This work examines the possibilities of integrating the use of solar energy into these landscapes in such a way that the unique, regional character of places is preserved and enhanced. The research project that was carried out developed a conceptual design approach that takes as its starting point landscape architectural and aesthetic analyses of existing sites in Styria, Austria, the spatial characteristics of the cultural landscapes in which they are embedded, and their suitability for generating solar energy. The comparison of a site’s characteristics with the technical possibilities evaluated from a literature review enables a responsive design practice using solar modules. The result is a method of landscape architectural design that integrates solar energy on the basis of an adaptive site-specific approach as well as a catalogue of sample cases that illustrate how designing with solar modules can honor and add value to existing places while enhancing their ecological, economic, and social functions.

Natural or balanced? The physiological and psychological benefits of window views with different proportions of sky, green space, and buildings

Window views are an important landscape that affect human health in the urban built environment, but the impacts and health-benefit differences of window view elements have not been studied in depth. Previously, window views have been categorized as only natural or unnatural; in contrast, we propose a more differentiated classification involving three elements (sky, buildings, and green space). A total of 160 subjects were recruited and divided into 8 groups; these groups were shown window views (7 groups with different element ratio combinations and 1 control group), and the effects on 27 physiological and psychological indicators were assessed. This is the first study to provide evidence of the benefits of window views for restoring attention, reducing negative emotions, and lowering stress according to multiple indicators. More importantly, we conducted a comprehensive comparison of the benefits of window views composed of different element ratios using ternary phase diagrams and matrix diagrams. Overall, window views with a higher percentage of sky elements or green space elements, as well as window views with a balance of the three elements, had a better comprehensive effect. The results of this study can inform urban landscape planning and architectural design to improve human health.

On the Application of Digitized Virtual Reality Technology in the Teaching of Landscape Architecture Design

Landscape garden design is an important design foundation course for undergraduate students of landscape architecture in China, but the current classroom teaching has the problem of limited spatial dimension of the course. This paper proposes a virtual scene model construction method through the computer software with the creation of the need to display the scene. This virtual reality technology has immersive, interactive, and risqué characteristics. This paper focuses on the key points of virtual reality technology, discusses the specific implementation method of virtual reality technology in the “landscape garden design” course, and introduces the interactive control principle. The results of the research show that virtual reality technology to assist teaching can cultivate students' spatial thinking and enhance students' spatial simulation experience, greatly reducing the cost of traditional teaching.

[Impact of hospital architecture on the birthing experience: a phenomenological study with mothers-to-be who are design experts].

The birthplace has a crucial role in shaping the childbirth experience and mothers' satisfaction levels. This study aimed to identify the experiences and perceptions that may have an impact in the long-term on mothers' birthing experience, considering hospital design features in the birthing environment until discharge. Inductive thematic analysis of twenty-five hospital labor testimonies employing a phenomenological research approach and utilizing a biographical method. Participants were women with a professional background in architecture, landscape architecture, engineering, or interior design. The results are organized into four themes and seven subthemes. The first theme is "First sight and long term impression" which is subdivided into the subthemes "Depersonalized itinerary in entrances and corridors" and "Instinctive search for connection with nature". The second theme deals with "Accompaniment and tucking in during the birthing process", subdivided into "Hotel-like: space for movement and personalized adaptation" and "Helplessness, cold and uncertainty: spaces to be against one's will". The third theme is "Damage in collateral rooms", which includes "The integration of toilets in the birthing process", "Operating rooms unchangeable in the face of cesarean delivery" and "Neonatal units that do not integrate families". Finally, the fourth theme includes "Improvement proposals for new designs". This study contributes to the existing literature by deepening the understanding of the design features identified in hospitals in recent studies. Further research incorporating the experiences of women in the birthing process is needed to facilitate evidence-based design policies.

Research on the Application of Traditional Culture in Modern Landscape Architecture Design under the Background of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract In this paper, the deep generative model and stochastic backpropagation method are used to innovate the modern landscape garden design, and at the same time, traditional cultural elements are integrated in the design process. By constructing generative adversarial networks and utilizing diffusion models, this study improves the diversity of design samples and enhances the display of cultural flavor. The comprehensive evaluation test shows that the modern landscape garden integrating traditional cultural elements exceeds the mean value in 17 evaluation indexes, especially the value of the evaluation factor of artistic flavor display reaches 0.0476, which is 460% higher than the mean value. The survey of tourists shows that the overall evaluation score of modern landscape garden is 76.4015, and the evaluation grade reaches “good”, which effectively verifies the practicality and effect of the design method of this paper.

Classroom Revolution of Landscape Architecture Design Based on DIE

Classroom Revolution of Landscape Architecture Design Based on DIE

Research on Planning and Design of Landmark Landscape Architecture Integrating China Traditional Culture

Traditional culture is a culture formed by a nation in the process of civilization evolution, which can reflect the national characteristics and ideological style, and is the overall expression of the Chinese people's thoughts, feelings, ideological forms and aesthetic concepts. China's traditional culture is the historical precipitation of our country after thousands of years, which contains rich cultural connotations and has a very broad mass base and cultural heritage needs. Integrating traditional cultural elements into the planning and design of landmark landscape architecture requires landscape designers to deeply explore local traditional culture and show it with modern elements to create a harmonious living environment rich in traditional beauty. This paper mainly analyzes the necessity of the application of traditional culture in the planning and design of landmark landscape architecture, expounds the principles of the planning and design of landmark landscape architecture in the context of traditional cultural elements, and then explains the application of China traditional culture in the planning and design of landmark landscape architecture, aiming at making people feel the beauty of traditional culture while tasting modern cities, enhancing people's cultural self-confidence and enhancing the intimacy of urban landscape.

Evolution of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design discourse in B.Arch. Schools, India

Architectural Discourse in a typical B.Arch. program across architecture schools in India was dominated by the “Star Architect”, for the most part in post independence India. It probably continues to do so in many schools or is at least an inherent thinking block in the minds of most young architects. However there are many compartments that post independent India can be categorised into, depending on the location and associated growth pattern. The late 90s to 2000s heralded a construction boom in the country, importing many building prototypes mainly from the western world. Landscape Architecture and Urban Design were more peripheral in this context, being limited to historical studies and as a secondary context to the architectural built form. Landscape Architecture was seen through a decorative lens, to be considered post finishing the construction of a building, as an afterthought, as mere decoration. On the other hand Urban Design was not necessarily taught even as an elective in many schools. It was found buried under the aegis of town planning, in very introductory formats in B.Arch. schools. At best it found a place in master’s programs trying to imagine the future India but tied to history in its thinking. Economic growth and associated development became the focus, further blurring boundaries of development, planning and design. Amongst the major centers of architectural training, the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology (CEPT), Ahmedabad and Sir J J College of Architecture, Mumbai and many other schools in Mumbai, a certain shift in this viewing lens started to occur post liberalisation in the 1990s. Growth fuelled urbanisation and urban sprawl forced the focus on these disciplines at the bachelors study level also. This paper brings forth observations in these changes and how the viewing lens and discourse of these two disciplines now informs architectural education, particularly outside these centres of excellence. Key Words: Discourse, architectural education, viewing lens

Integrating Aerial and 3D Data into a Data-Driven Decision-Making Workflow for Nature-Based Stormwater Solutions

Urbanization and climate change have increased the need for stormwater management and nature-based solutions. Decisions made at the project level impact the emergence of the systemic traits of the stormwater network and the functionality of the catchment areas in urban planning. To that end, it is vital to introduce the decision-making tools for analysing both the utilities and amenities of nature-based solutions (NBS) to increase their adoption to reduce the peak loads in the stormwater system and, to that end, mitigate the impacts of climate change. There is a deficiency in employing a software-based approach to analyse the qualitative and quantitative aspects of NBSs to back up design decisions. This paper demonstrates a workflow using drone-based photogrammetry, 3D modelling, and simulation software to generate visual and functional models assisting in informed decision-making in the design of stormwater systems as functional landscape architecture. Using aerial data from drones and modelled design solutions, the proposed workflow simulates rain events, infiltration, evaporation, water flow, and the accumulation of stormwater in a way that allows the visual and quantified analysis of detailed landscape architecture designs. The paper provides an example of a rooftop site simulation demonstrating the infiltration and flow of water to the drainage. The visual decision-making method provided can aid in investment decisions for functional landscape design in support of stormwater management.

Study on the synergy between ecological landscape planning and architectural design in green building practice

Abstract This paper analyzes the coupling relationship and coupling factors between ecological landscape planning and architectural design, combines ecological planning with landscape planning and design and explores the practical value of green architecture. The ecological landscape construction is divided into five systems, and three indicators with a high degree of influence on the health of the urban ecosystem are selected as the system influence factors to construct a healthy coupling synergy model of ecological landscape planning and architectural design. Taking Fujian Province as an example, we analyze the degree of coupling between ecological landscape planning and architectural design systems and the regional distribution of the level of coupling coordination in Fujian Province. The highest coupling coordination degree between ecological landscape planning and architectural design is R 10 and Rl for green buildings, with coupling coordination degrees of 0.8341 and 0.8001, respectively, and the lowest is R = 59 0.3854. Thus, it is important to synergize between architectural design and ecological landscape planning and construction.

Implementation of strategic design in sustainable landscape development

Abstract This paper explores the implementation of strategic design in sustainable landscape development through a case study of the Neckar Landscape Park Student Competition. Drawing upon previous research on sustainable land use development, the study emphasizes the importance of integrated approaches and transdisciplinary thinking in managing landscapes. The strategic design process, characterized by analysis, synthesis and evaluation, is applied to address the socio-ecological and spatial challenges of the Neckar river valley. The findings highlight the potential of strategic design to create resilient and sustainable landscapes by combining scientific analysis and imaginative problem-solving. The case study exemplifies the value of strategic design in landscape architecture and offers insights for future landscape management.

Research in Landscape Architecture Design Firms: Lessons from Practice

Research in Landscape Architecture Design Firms: Lessons from Practice

Tree Architecture & Blockchain Integration: An off-the-shelf Experimental Approach

Temporally sensitive tree modeling and urban park spatially explicit simulation offer advantages to large-scale landscape planning and design, especially in the context of smart applications for virtual parks and forests, while Blockchain technology provides collaborative engineering, data integrity, and information confidence. A proof-of-concept 2.5D tree architecture and Blockchain integration technique (distributed Internet-of-Trees images, “IoTr-images”) was presented as a low-cost metaverse case study that affects the forest monitoring and digital landscape architecture design infrastructures. At the core of the proposed feature-based parametric modeling methodology is a 2.5D tree CAD model composed of two perpendicular 2D tree frames on which recorded tree texture has been assigned. A “Batch command-line programming” technique has been implemented, as a user-defined routine at the top of a commercial CAD platform, to describe the proposed off-the-self method and to create tangible tree-image NFT tokens (Internet-of-Trees-images Blockchain). As important findings were recorded, the add-in planning intelligence, the superior data integrity, and confidence, the offline relaxed error-free CAD design, and the superiority in terms of time and cost compared to traditional 3D tree modeling methods (laser scanning, close-range photogrammetry, etc.); as well as the satisfactory tree modeling accuracy for smart forest monitoring and landscape architecture applications. The proposed 2.5D parametric tree model added new value to the CAD-Blockchain integration industry because a plain “Blockchain/Merkle hash tree” tracks tree geometry growth and texture change temporarily with simple parametric transactions (i.e. controlled hash tree magnification/scaling). So, metaverse functionality (decentralized, autonomous, coordinated, and parallel design; same-data sharing; data validation), modification and redesign ability, and planning intelligence are effectively supported by the proposed technique. Main contributions are regarded as the ability for smart forest distributed surveillance and collaborative parallel landscape architecture design, open-source Web-based educational simulations, as well as the potential for off-the-shelf contractual collaborative frameworks (smart contracts between designers and clients). Stratification based on forest types improved above-ground biomass (AGB) estimation, especially when AGB was greater than 500 Mg/ha, using the proposed “IoTr-images” technique. So, this research provides new insight into AGB modeling and monitoring. Finally, the proposed method’s robustness has been validated by performance evaluation testing.

Applied research on cultural symbols in landscape architectural design

Applied research on cultural symbols in landscape architectural design

Application Strategy of Sponge City Technology in Landscape Architecture Design

Application Strategy of Sponge City Technology in Landscape Architecture Design

Design Element Preferences in Public Facilities: An Eye Tracking Study

As a highly used form of architecture, public facilities are closely related to people’s daily lives. The aesthetic level of their design greatly affects the quality of people’s lives and interactions, as well as the appearance of the whole area. However, research on their design elements has not received enough attention, and few quantitative studies on the design of public facilities simultaneously focus on multiple influencing factors such as color and material. Therefore, this study uses eye-tracking technology and audience aesthetic preference evaluation to explore the appropriate combination of color and materials in sign design. This study found that, in the design of public facilities and in terms of aesthetic preference, firstly, color has more influence on subjective preference and objective gaze behavior than material. Secondly, men prefer technological and changeable colors and materials, and women prefer soft and uniform materials. Finally, visitors spend more time gazing at their preferred signs, which means that visitors’ top-down gaze behavior and bottom-up psychological perception are highly unified. Regarding material perception, visitors’ subjective preferences are influenced by the physical or cultural properties of the material itself. This study’s results will provide suggestions for future urban and landscape architecture design in terms of color and material aesthetics, and the research methodology can be applied to more scenarios in environmental spaces.

Design proposal development for a more liveable open public space

As a vital element of successful cities, public spaces play an important role in achieving sustainable development goals. The New urban agenda considers public spaces as a need in sustaining the productivity of cities, eco-social cohesion and inclusion, civic identity, and quality of urban life. This is also in line with the New European Bauhaus, as a part of European Green Deal, need to create beautiful places, practices and experiences that are enriching, sustainable and inclusive. In accordance with that there is undoubted importance of the public spaces, while its quality is generated in the symbiosis of various elements. On the basis of normative theories in urban design, SCORELINE framework for public space quality evaluation was developed and tested at the research group for planning and design in landscape architecture at the University of Belgrade - Faculty of Forestry. The framework covers six criteria which illuminate key aspects of public spaces such as safety and security, convenience, legibility, comfort, inspiration and sensitivity and liveability. For the purpose of this research, special attention is given to the criteria of liveability. It will be presented through its quantitative and qualitative indicators and its application in practice that cover the investigation carried out on Cara Urosa Street within the Lower Dorcol quarter in Belgrade, Serbia. The results of this analysis defined the inputs for street renewal design proposal, that was additionally tested using Space Syntax method, precisely Depthmap X simulation software to map potential issues and potentials that will be developed through design in order to achieve the defined goals concerning the liveability of open public space.